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Calderwood Castle was a castle in East Kilbride. The castle was situated near the banks of the Rotten Calder Water.〔〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Calderglen Country Park Walks and Trails )〕 in what is now Calderglen Country Park.〔 Constructed in the late 14th to early fifteenth century by the Maxwell family, the original peel tower collapsed in 1773 after several days of severe weather.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Site Record for Calderwood Castle )〕 An earlier building is suggested to have stood on the site which belonged to the Barony of Mearns (Roland De Mernis), which passed with its lands to the Maxwells through marriage.〔History of Rutherglen and East Kilbride, David Ure 1793〕〔Various ancient references from statutes and Glasgow and Paisley Legal documents and charters, records kept in archives at NAS, Glasgow City Archives &c.〕 A new castle was later rebuilt on the same site in the 15th century. Later in the mid 18th century and then 1840's another mansion house was constructed and extended on the site, but it eventually fell into disrepair by the 1940s, with the final vestiges of the castle being demolished with explosives in 1951.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= History cavalcade: Calderwood Castle )〕 Nothing now remains except ruins and rubble.〔 The now-ruined Craigneith Castle is nearby.〔〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Site Record for East Kilbride, Calder Glen, Craigneith Castle )〕 A painting of the castle by Robert Purves Bell is in the collection of South Lanarkshire Council.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Calderwood Castle by Robert Purves Bell )〕 An Engraving by A. Robertson after a sketch by Paul Sandby from c. 1750's also exist depicting the castle viewed from the south. The engraving is recorded as having featured in Forsyth's Beauties of Scotland, However this book does not contain the engraving, and it appears more likely to be sourced from a late 18th century Scottish Periodical Edinburgh Magazine. An original wash sketch of the scene was sold a few decades ago privately by public auction. Sandby also produced another simpler sketch of the same view which the engraving is based upon. This is held by the National Library of Wales. On the same visit Sandby produced a sketch of the Calderwood Linn which features on the back of a more well-known view by him of Bothwell Castle. This sketch was unknown of until 2015 when Art Historian Chris Ladds found reference to a wash drawing of a waterfall named 'Calderwood Linn on the Clyde' 〔Scottish Daily Record and East Kilbride News, both April 2015〕〔Archival documents held by Christopher Ladds, Calderglen Historian.〕 Another engraving after a drawing signed 'N. Britain' features is facsimile in Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland by McGibbon & Ross, however the authors misinterpreted the locational signing as saying W. Binton. This confusion caused the drawing to be lost to those trying to find it for the past 100 years. It was rediscovered in 2015 by Calderglen Historian Chris Ladds of Calderwood.〔Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, McGibbon & Ross〕 The original drawing is kept in the collection of drawings held at the National Galleries of Scotland, Edinburgh. Calderwood Castle in the opinion of many genealogical groups is thought to have been anciently possessed by a family bearing the name Calderwood.〔Calderwood Families of Scotland, Ireland & America, Taylor〕 In fact Calderwood is so ancient a title that it predates Castles in their modern interpretation. The documents regarding the ancient lands of Calderwood and family are scarce, but do suggest that the name descends from a small village or possibly a defended iron-age town (oppidum) as referred to in marriage charters.〔Abstracts of Glasgow Protocols, Maitland Club〕 There were several Calderwood landholdings in the area, and the retainers on the lands would have gone by this name, rather than any fortification at the Dee of Calder. 〔University of Glasgow Archives; land documents regarding Calderwood Estate〕 〔The History of the Church of Scotland, Calderwood.〕〔Memoirs of the Maxwells of Pollok, Fraser, 1860〕 == See also == * Calderwood Glen * Maxwell of Calderwood baronetcy 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Calderwood Castle」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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